소방 시스템 (Fire Fighting System)에 대한 Leak Test 요구사항 (feat. NFPA, API, ASME)

Leak Test Requirement for Piping of Fire Fighting System

소방 시스템 (Fire Fighting System)에 대한 Leak Test 요구사항 (feat. NFPA, API, ASME)

 

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Sprinkler System

• In "NFPA 13"
  • The test should be made at no less than 200 psi(1,379 kPa) for 2 hours or 50 psi(345 kPa) above static pressure, where static pressure is in excess of 150 psi(1,034 kPa) for 2 hours. Additionally, dry pipe systems require an air test after the hydrostatic test. The air test is at an initial air pressure of 40 psig(276 kPa) with loss not exceeding 1.5 psig(10,4 kPa) in 24hours.

 

• In "Guidelines for Fire Protection in Chemical, Petrochemical, and Hydrocarbon Processing Facilities by CCPS"
  • Hydrostatic testing is performed to ensure the integrity of the system. Testing is generally performed before the underground piping is buried, nozzles are added in sprinkler systems, and acceptance testing with agents is performed.

Water Spray System

• In "API 2030"
  • The piping system should be hydrostatically tested for 2 hours at a pressure of 200 psig (1380 kilopascals) or, when the maximum operating pressure exceeds 150 psig (1035 kilopascals), at a pressure of 50 psig (345 kilopascals) more than the maximum pressure. Plugs should be installed at all nozzle points to provide a closed system for testing.

 

Pilot-head Detection System

• In "API 2030"
  • A static pneumatic leak test of all piping for a pilot-head type detection system and system piping, including instrumentation and actuating devices, is recommended. For a successful leak test, the design pressure plus 4 pounds per square inch (28 kilopascals) should be maintained for 24 hours.

Foam System

• In "NFPA 11, 11A"
  • The test should be made at no less than 200psi(1,379kPa) for 2 hours or 50 psi(345 kPa) above static pressure, where static pressure is in excess of 150 psi(1,034 kPa) for 2 hours.

 

Carbon Dioxide Gas Extinguishing System

• In "NFPA 12"
  • None

 

Dry Chemical System

• In "NFPA 17"
  • Not required, if a pressure test is conducted, then a dry gas should be used

Clean Agent Gas System

• In "NFPA 2001"
  • Pneumatic test of piping at 40 psi(276 kPa) for 10minutes.

 

Firewater Distribution Piping

• In "NFPA 24"
  • The test should be made at no less than 200psi(1,379kPa) for 2 hours or 50 psi(345 kPa) above static pressure, where static pressure is in excess of 150 psi(1,034 kPa) for 2 hours.

 

Fire Pumps System

• In "NFPA 20"
  • Suction and discharge piping should be hydrostatically tested to 200 psi(1379 kPa) or 50 psi(345 kPa) above the design pressure for 2hours.

 

Process Piping

• In "ASME B31.3"
  • Prior to initial operation, and after completion of the applicable examinations, each piping system shall be tested to ensure tightness. The test shall be a hydrostatic leak test.
  • 345.1 (d) Unless specified in the engineering design, lines open to the atmosphere, such as vents or drains downstream of the last shutoff valve, need not be leak tested.
  • The hydrostatic test pressure at every point in a metallic piping system shall be not less than 1.5 times the design pressure.

 

Tip1.

Water Spray System의 A/G pipe의 경우 code에 따르면 spray nozzle 위치에 plug를 설치하여 hydrostatic test를 하도록 요구되어 있다.

하지만, 공사 초기 단계에 공사팀 담당자가 작성하는 Leak Test Procedure에 Service Leak Test 대상 Fluid로 Firewater Dry Pipe를 포함하여 발주처 승인을 득한 경우에는 Hydrostatic Test를 실시하지 않고 Service Leak Test로 대체 가능하므로 공사 담당자에게 관련 사항을 참고로 알려주고 test를 진행하면 된다.

Tip 2.

발주처에서 water spray system에 대해 Service Leak Test를 인정해 주지 않을 경우 (NFPA에 따를 경우는 무조건 hydrostatic test를 실시해야 하지만) ASME B31.3, 345.1 (d)항에 따라 대기에 open된open 된 line에 대해서는 Leak Test가 요구되지 않는다는 규정을 제시하여 Water Spray Line의 경우 open 된 Spray Nozzle을 통해 대기로 방출되는 시스템이므로 예외조항에 해당함을 이야기할 수도 있습니다.

(본 사항은 shut off valve 이후 연결되는 drain 배관 또는 vent 배관과 같은 경우에 해당하기에 강하게 주장하기에는 다소 억지스러운 부분이 있으므로 참고하기 바란다.)